Renewables: Policy, Technology and Market Trends

Haryana aims to meet 50% of its energy demand from clean sources by 2030 (about 38.61% of its 16,227 MW installed capacity is currently non‑fossil), has met its 2024–25 RPOs, and signed an MoU with GGGI to assess and retrofit buildings under the Asia Low Carbon Building Transition project. Germany’s Energiewende increased renewables to roughly 54% of electricity consumption in 2024 and targets at least 80% by 2030 on a pathway to climate neutrality by 2045 while phasing out coal by 2038. In the United States, renewable generation has more than doubled over the past decade, though progress varies widely by state and remains sensitive to federal policy changes. Rapid advances in solar, wind, storage, geothermal and smart‑grid/AI systems are improving efficiency, reliability and integration of variable renewables. Market and policy drivers — including data services offering LCOE analytics, proposals for $/kW capacity billing, and investor flows (including a small AI‑executed trade that affected the ICLN renewables ETF) — are shaping investment, planning and billing choices, accelerating decarbonization while highlighting challenges in grid integration, financing and equitable implementation.