Nigeria passes landmark wildlife protection law with toughest African penalties

A recent study has revealed that illegal wildlife trade (IWT) is closely linked with other organized crimes, particularly drug trafficking, with criminal networks initially involved in drugs diversifying into wildlife trafficking in countries such as South Africa and Canada. Nigeria has responded to its role as a major transit hub for illegal wildlife trade by passing the Endangered Species Conservation and Protection Bill, which imposes fines up to ₦12 million ($8,200) and prison sentences up to 10 years, significantly tougher than previous laws. The legislation grants customs officials enhanced powers to track illicit financial flows, inspect and detain cargo, and fast-track trials, while also banning habitat pollution and consumption of endangered species. Nigerian Customs Service and the National Agency for the Prohibition of Trafficking in Persons (NAPTIP) have committed to collaborate on combating human trafficking and illegal wildlife trade, sharing intelligence and technical expertise to strengthen enforcement. Conservationists and lawmakers view the bill as a critical step to dismantle international smuggling networks and align Nigeria with global conservation standards ahead of the UN wildlife summit. The coordinated efforts aim to reduce Nigeria's status as a key transit point for endangered wildlife trafficking and reinforce national and ecological security.